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| image_flag = Flag of Estonia.svg | image_coat = Coat of arms of Estonia.svg | image_map = EU-Estonia.svg | map_caption = | capital = Tallinn | latd=59 |latm=25 |latNS=N |longd=24 |longm=45 |longEW=E | largest_city = capital | official_languages = Estoniana | regional_languages = | ethnic_groups = | ethnic_groups_year = 2015 | demonym = Estonian | government_type = Parliamentary republic | leader_title1 = President | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = Prime Minister | leader_name2 = Taavi Rõivas | legislature = ''Riigikogu'' | sovereignty_type = Independence | established_event4 = | established_date4 = 12 April 1917 | established_event5 = | established_date5 = 24 February 1918 2 February 1920 | established_event6 = | established_date6 = 1940–1991 | established_event7 = | established_date7 = 20 August 1991 | area_km2 = 45,339〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=ESTONIA - Look and you will see! )〕 | area_sq_mi = 17,505 | area_rank = 132ndd | percent_water = 4.45% | population_estimate = 1,313,271〔 (Estimate as of 1 January 2015)〕 | population_estimate_year = 2015 | population_estimate_rank = 154th | population_census = 1,294,486〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.stat.ee/phc2011 )〕 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_density_km2 = 28 | population_density_sq_mi = 75 | population_density_rank = 181st | GDP_PPP_year = 2015 | GDP_PPP = $37.879 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Estonia )〕 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $28,781〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 42nd | GDP_nominal = $22.934 billion〔 | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_year = 2015 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $17,425〔 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 41st | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = increase | Gini = 32.9 | Gini_ref =〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 )〕 | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = steady | HDI = 0.840 |HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = 33rd | currency = Euro (€)e | currency_code = EUR | time_zone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | time_zone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | drives_on = right | calling_code = +372 | ISO_3166-1_alpha2 = EE | ISO_3166-1_alpha3 = EST | ISO_3166-1_numeric = ? | alt_sport_code = EST | vehicle_code = EST | aircraft_code = EST | cctld = .eef | footnote_a = According to the Constitution, Estonian is the sole official language.〔(Constitution of the Republic of Estonia ), 6th article〕 In southern counties, Võro and Seto are spoken along with it. Russian is still unofficially spoken in Ida-Virumaa and Tallinn, due to the Soviet Union's program promoting mass immigration of urban industrial workers during the post-war period. | footnote_b = Including 5.4% Võros and 0.93% Setos. | footnote_c = SDE member but nonpartisan while in office. | footnote_d = were defined according to the Treaty of Tartu in 1920 between Estonia and Russia. Today, the remaining are still occupied and part of Russia. The ceded areas include most of the former Petseri County and areas behind the Narva river including Ivangorod (Jaanilinn). Pechory remains under Russian control. | footnote_e = Estonian kroon (EEK) before 2011. | footnote_f = Also .eu, shared with other member states of the European Union. }} Estonia (;〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Definition of Estonia ) 〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Define Estonia ) 〕 (エストニア語:Eesti) (:ˈeːsti)), officially the Republic of Estonia (), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.〔http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#europe〕 It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km).〔. Official website of the Republic of Estonia (in Estonian)〕 Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia consists of a mainland and 2,222 islands and islets in the Baltic Sea,〔Matthew Holehouse (Estonia discovers it's actually larger after finding 800 new islands ) The Telegraph, 28 Aug 2015〕 covering of land, and is influenced by a humid continental climate. Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into fifteen counties, with its capital and largest city being Tallinn. With a population of 1.3 million, it is one of the least-populous member states of the European Union, Eurozone, the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and the Schengen Area. Ethnic Estonians are a Finnic people, and the official language, Estonian, is a Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish and the Sami languages, and distantly to Hungarian. A developed country with an advanced, high-income economy and high living standards, Estonia ranks very high in the Human Development Index,〔 and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom (third in the world in 2012).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Press Freedom Index 2011–2012 – Reporters Without Borders )〕 Estonia is often described as one of the most wired countries in Europe.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Estonia – Freedom on the Net )〕 ==Etymology== One hypothesis is that the modern name of Estonia originated from the Aesti described by the Roman historian Tacitus in his ''Germania'' (ca. 98 AD).〔''Germania'', Tacitus, Chapter XLV〕 Ancient Scandinavian sagas refer to a land called ''Eistland'', as the country is still called in Icelandic, and close to the Danish, German, Dutch, Swedish and Norwegian term ''Estland'' for the country. Early Latin and other ancient versions of the name are ''Estia'' and ''Hestia''. ''Esthonia'' was a common alternative English spelling prior to 1921. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Estonia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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